Antenna



rOct 21 1952 M.- D. ERCOLINO ANTENNA Filed Aug. 18, 1949 l VENTQR ATTORNEY Patented Oct. Z1, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ANTENNA MichaelD. Ercolino, WanamaSSa, N. oJ. ApplicationAug-ust 18, 1949,l Serial No. .110,988

3 Claims. 1 This invention relates to high frequency antennas and more particularly to antennasgenerally employed forl television, frequency modulation, and other high frequency systems. This application is a continuation in part of my prior application SerialNo. 67,360, filed December 27, I

19.48, now Patent No. 2,518,297, granted August 8, .1950.

Inmy previous application, I illustrated and described a dipole -antenna wherein a pair of fed dipole rods were `tilted or inclined. forward so that, under a considerable range of frequencies, the energybecame additive andin phase, the lobe sharpening and remaining inline .over awide Vband suchas is required for television receiving purposes. It was further. pointed out that .the antenna,-with its dipole arms inclined forwardly, was particularly efficient when in the form of crossed dipoles which simulate the action of solidly spun cones. without involving the .bulk of such cones. YIt will :be recognized that the effect thereof isto render the center impedance substantially constant.

In the antenna of my previous application, although the front `or fed dipole elements were inclined forwardly, the reflector elements were in alignment. This created a condition vwhere theeffective distance between the fedv dipoles and the reflector increased from the` apex of the V formed between inclined :dipoles-to the ends thereof. It is recognized in the art that the reflector should be spaced about a quarter of a wave length from the fed elements. By forming the fed elements in the shape of a V 4with the apex nearest the reflector, the; arms diverged outwardly relative .theretm Asta 117esult, as the frequencies accommodated became higher, the' effective distance between the V- shaped fed dipole structure and the reflector structure increased. SuchaY system provides highrgrain because losses at -lower frequencies due to the proximity of the reflector are minimzed.

The present application further amplies the above mentioned advantages by in-clining the reflector rearwardly whereas the fed structure is still inclined forwardly. It has been found that the effective distance between the fed elements and the reflector is rendered so proportional to the range of frequencies accommodated that the gain of the overall structure is considerably increased. This result has been effected by bending the rear bracket rearwardly so that the reflector elements are no longer in alignment but diverged outwardly relative to the fed antenna elements.

`brackets or .plates 22 and. 23.

The invention will be further understood .from the following description and drawings ,in wh-ohr Fig. l isa top view of an antennastructure constructed accordingk to the principles of the instant invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the rearv bracket which supports the reflector dipole arms.

Fig. 3 is a cross-.sectional view as taken along the lines 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional View as taken along the lines 4750i Fie. 2.

In the form -shOWIlthe antenna comprises a cross beam II) vhaving Uf-shaped end members AII and I2. Member I2 supports an insulation block I3V upon which the front or fed dipole is effectively mounted. The mounting is accomplished by brackets I4 and I5, both of which are secured to insulator I3 and comprises opposing vand com.- plementary bracket `members which are bolted together so as to clamp the dipole arms I6 and Il respectively. The dipole arms I6 are lin the form of a V as are thedipole arms Il. The apices of each such V are in the same horizontal plane and are inclined toward each other as will be understood from the illustrated inclination of the dipole arms. The detailed construction of suchfront brackets I4 and I5 `,were ,set forth in my prior, above mentioned application. A mast I8 and clampingbracket I9 serve to support the cross beam in its useful,.elevated posi'- tion as willbe well-understoodxby those skilled in the art.

Rear bracket 2D is. essentially a` three-piece construction. Thus, it comprisesa unitary rear bracket2l and two, somewhat triangular front The plates are maintained in position `by .bolts 24 `disposed in the three openings 25 of the plates 22 and. 23

Yand the -complementary six openingsof rear plate 2|.

The outer margins or legs 25 `and 210i front bracket member or plate 22 .are shaped so as to be` concavo-convex. The .adjacent .margins of plate `2l are similarly formed with concavitics 28 and 29 so as to forma pair of diverging channels between plates 2I and 22. Plate 23 and the adjacent portion of plate 2I similarly form a second pair of diverging channels. It is into these channels that the dipole arms are inserted and thereafter clamped.

Before applying the dipole arms to the rear .the shape of the lobe.

. 3 produce an assembled rear or reflector dipole structure having two V-shaped dipoles with their apices adjacent each other and wherein the axes of the Vs are in the same horizontal plane.

The central portion of plate or rear bracket member 2l is formed with openings 30 which permit connection of the end member Il thereto. Flanges 3| and 32 are provided to embrace such end member l I. It will be observed in Fig. 3 that the central portion of plate 3l is bent along lines 33 and 34 so that the opposite channels or bracket portions are inclined toward each other and away from the front or fed dipole structure. In the form shown, the inclination of the reector elements is approximately degrees deviation from alignment, such inclination being suitable for the approximately 60 to 200 megacycles frequency range which the antenna is designed to accommodate.

vAs iirst explained herein, the most effective distance between the front and rear antenna elements is about a quarter of a wave length of any particular frequency which is accommodated or received. Considering, for the moment, the dipole arms as complementary fed and reflector dipole arms, it will be observed that the effective distance between them increases as one approaches the respective ends. Thus, the outer ends of dipole arms l1 and 35 are spaced furl ther away from each other than the inner ends at the cross beam l0. As the frequency accommodated or received by the antenna is decreased, a longer portion of the dipole arms is made effective use of, and the effective distance between the dipole arms Il' and 35 is correspondingly increased. The rearward inclination of the dipole arms 35 is most useful in producing a separation or spacing of the dipole arms I'l and 35 which is commensurate or proportional to the frequencies received. Whereas the antenna of my prioi` application exhibited this advantage by virtue of the pronounced forward inclination of the fed antenna elements, the instant structure amplifies the desirable results achieved by inclining the rear or reflector elements as described. A somewhat similar result could be secured by sharpening the angle of inclination of the front antennadipole arms or rods I8 and l1, but it has been determined that this entails an adverse effect upon On the contrary, rear- Ward inclination of the dipole arms ,or rods 35 have no such tendency in that they do not disturb the optimum predetermined angle of incllnation of the front dipole arms or rods I6 and l1. The angle of inclination of the rear, reector dipole rods is considerably less than that of the front or fed dipole rods and such inclination forms a broad V with the apex thereof closer to the front dipole rods than the free ends of the arms as hereinabove explained.

What is claimedl is:

l. A high frequency antenna comprising front and rear V-shaped antenna elements, said front antenna elements consisting solely of a single pair of front V-shaped dipole structures, each dipole structure having its axis in a horizontal plane and the apices of the respective structures being substantially adjacent each other, an lnsulating member between said apices and to which the structures are connected, each of said front pair of V-shaped structures being inclined toward the other so that their axes form an obtuse angle, said rear V-shaped antenna elements consisting solely of a single rear pair of V-shaped dipole structures spaced from said front pair of dipole structures so as to act as reflectors therefor, the axes of the rear V structures being in the same horizontal plane and being inclined toward each other so as to form an angle, the direction of inclination of said rear V-shaped structures being rearwardly and the direction of inclination of said front pair of V-shaped structures being forwardly, the inclination of said rear V-shaped structures being less than that of said front pair of V-shaped structures.

2. An antenna comprising at least one front member and at least one rear member, said rear member being horizontally spaced from said iront member so as to act as a reflector therefor, said front member being composed of forwardly inclined complementary dipole elements forming an obtuse angle between them, said rear member being composed of complementary dipole elements having their respective axes in the same horizontal plane and being inclined toward each other so as to form a second obtuse angle, the inclinations of the respective front member and rear member elements being in opposite directions, and the obtuse angle formed by the front member elements being smaller than the obtuse angle formed by the rear elements.

3. An antenna comprising at least one front member and at least one rear member, said rear member being horizontally spaced from said front member so as to act as a reflector therefor, said front member consisting solely of complementary dipole elements all of which are forwardly inclined so as to form an obtuse angle between them, said rear member consisting solely of complementary dipole elements all of which are rearwardly inclined and forming an obtuse angle between them, the inclination of said rear member elements being less than that of said front member elements.

MICHAEL D. ERCOLINO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Tele-Tech, page 85, May, 1948 (Copy in Scientific Library). 

